Bharat Ratna 2024 – Know Complete Details here
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Introduction related to Bharat Ratna UPSC
In the latest Bharat Ratna announcements for 2024, former Prime Ministers PV Narasimha Rao and Chaudhary Charan Singh, along with agricultural scientist MS Swaminathan, are honored. PM Narendra Modi lauds their contributions. Charan Singh’s commitment to farmers and Rao’s economic reforms are acknowledged. Swaminathan, known as the ‘Father of the Green Revolution,’ receives recognition for transforming Indian agriculture. The awards highlight diverse legacies in politics and agriculture. Recently, BJP stalwart LK Advani and Bihar’s late CM Karpoori Thakur were also conferred with the Bharat Ratna.
However, This news has put the India’s Most Reputed Civilian Award ‘Bharat Ratna’ in headlines. In India, if you are preparing for Major Competitive Examinations such as UPSC, SSC or much more, then knowing about India’s Biggest Civilian Award, Bharat Ratna Becomes Important for you. If you are also looking to know about this award, then in this blog you’ll get a complete set of information about Bharat Ratna in Detail & Simple Words.
So, let’s start-
Read Also | Know about Indian Gallantry Awards in Detail
Read Also | List of all Important Awards in India
Why Bharat Ratna in News? – Bharat Ratna UPSC
The Bharat Ratna is making headlines again as it has been announced that two prominent figures, Lal Krishna Advani, a veteran Indian politician, and the late M.S. Swaminathan, a renowned scientist in the field of agriculture, will be conferred with the prestigious award. This recognition is noteworthy as Lal Krishna Advani has had a significant and longstanding political career in India, while M.S. Swaminathan dedicated his life to advancements in agriculture and the welfare of farmers.
The decision to confer the Bharat Ratna on both Advani and Swaminathan has sparked discussions and reactions in the media, as it acknowledges their substantial and impactful contributions to Indian politics and agriculture, respectively. The Bharat Ratna, being the highest civilian honor in India, is often a subject of public interest when bestowed upon individuals who have made outstanding contributions to the nation.
Source – The Hindu , The Hindu
What is Bharat Ratna? – Bharat Ratna Award UPSC
The Bharat Ratna, which means “Jewel of India,” is India’s highest civilian award. Established in 1954, it honors outstanding contributions in any field, like arts, literature, science, or public service. Originally limited, it now covers various impactful areas. Notable recipients include Mother Teresa, Sachin Tendulkar, and Amartya Sen.
Nominations are confidential, with the Prime Minister can propose up to three candidates annually to the President. The award includes a certificate and a medallion but no cash prize. While it doesn’t bring official privileges, recipients are granted a state funeral.
The Bharat Ratna is a symbol of national recognition and prestige, featuring a prestigious list of accomplished individuals. Though it doesn’t offer special benefits, it inspires generations to pursue excellence.
History of Bharat Ratna Award UPSC
We can understand the History of this highest civilian award step by step-
- 1954 Creation of Awards: On January 2, 1954, the highest civilian award, Bharat Ratna, and the three-tier Padma Vibhushan were established, initially classified into “Pehla Warg,” “Dusra Warg,” and “Tisra Warg.”
- 1955 Reclassification: On January 15, 1955, the Padma Vibhushan was reclassified into three separate awards: Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan, and Padma Shri.
- First Suspension (1977-1980): The award faced its first suspension in 1977 when Prime Minister Morarji Desai withdrew all personal civil honors. The suspension was lifted in 1980 when Indira Gandhi assumed the role of Prime Minister.
- Second Suspension (1992): In mid-1992, Bharat Ratna was suspended due to legal challenges questioning its “constitutional validity.” The Supreme Court reintroduced the awards in December 1995 after litigation concluded.
- Non-Indian Awardees: Bharat Ratna has been awarded to non-Indians, including Mother Teresa in 1980, Abdul Ghaffar Khan of Pakistan in 1987, and Nelson Mandela in 1990.
- Sachin Tendulkar’s Record: Sachin Tendulkar, at 40, became the youngest and the first sportsperson to receive Bharat Ratna.
- Oldest Recipient: Dhondo Keshav Karve received the award on his 100th birthday on April 18, 1958, making him the oldest recipient.
- Total Awardees (2024): As of 2024, Bharat Ratna has been conferred upon 50 individuals, with 15 posthumous declarations.
Objectives
While there’s no official document explicitly stating the objectives of the Bharat Ratna, we can infer its purpose based on its history and impact:
- Recognize and celebrate exceptional service: The award aims to identify and honor individuals who have made extraordinary contributions to any field, inspiring future generations through their dedication and achievements.
- Promote national unity and inclusivity: By recognizing individuals across diverse fields and backgrounds, the Bharat Ratna reinforces the idea that anyone can contribute significantly to India’s progress, regardless of their social standing or origin.
- Uplift national morale and image: Recognizing excellence cultivates a sense of pride and achievement within the nation, showcasing India’s potential and talent on the global stage.
- Encourage further progress and innovation: By highlighting exceptional contributions, the award aims to motivate others to strive for excellence and push boundaries in their respective fields, leading to further advancements for the nation.
- Preserve the memory of distinguished individuals: The Bharat Ratna serves as a lasting recognition of the awardees’ remarkable contributions, ensuring their achievements are remembered and celebrated for generations to come.
Importance of Bharat Ratna
Bharat ratna is Indeed very Important. We have Listed its importance below-
- Highest civilian honor: Recognizes and celebrates the most outstanding achievements across diverse fields.
- Promotes national unity: Transcends social barriers, emphasizing individuals’ contributions over their background.
- Inspires future generations: Sets a benchmark for excellence, motivating others to strive for greatness.
- Uplifts national morale: Celebrates India’s achievements and potential on the global stage.
- Encourages innovation: Recognizes groundbreaking work, fostering advancements in various fields.
- Preserves legacy: Ensures exceptional contributions are remembered and celebrated for generations.
- Attracts global attention: Showcases India’s talent and excellence to the international community.
- Builds trust in governance: Transparent selection process reinforces faith in the recognition system.
- Promotes positive social change: Recognizes individuals working towards social betterment and inclusion.
- Strengthens national identity: Unites citizens through shared pride in the achievements of Bharat Ratna recipients.
Benefits of Bharat Ratna
The Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian award, does not come with any monetary benefits. However, it does bestow a number of privileges and honors upon its recipients.
1. Prestige and Recognition: The Bharat Ratna is the highest civilian honor in India, and as such, it carries a great deal of prestige and recognition. Recipients of the award are widely respected and admired throughout the country.
2. State Funeral: Upon the death of a Bharat Ratna recipient, they are entitled to a state funeral with full military honors. This is a rare honor that is only bestowed upon the most distinguished individuals.
3. Other Benefits
In addition to the prestige and recognition, Bharat Ratna recipients are also entitled to a number of other benefits, including:
- A free lifetime pass for travel on Air India in executive class
- A diplomatic passport
- A Z-category security cover
- A pension of 50% of the salary of the Prime Minister of India
The Bharat Ratna is a prestigious award that is given to individuals who have made significant contributions to India in any field of human endeavor. The benefits of receiving the award are numerous and include prestige, recognition, and a number of other tangible benefits.
Here are some additional details about the benefits of the Bharat Ratna:
- Free lifetime pass for travel on Air India in executive class: This benefit allows Bharat Ratna recipients to travel anywhere in India for free on Air India flights.
- Diplomatic passport: A diplomatic passport is a type of passport that is issued to diplomats and other high-ranking government officials. It allows the holder to travel to most countries without a visa.
- Z-category security cover: Z-category security cover is the highest level of security provided by the Indian government. It is typically provided to high-risk individuals, such as politicians and celebrities.
- A pension of 50% of the salary of the Prime Minister of India: This pension is a significant financial benefit that is provided to Bharat Ratna recipients.
Who can get Bharat Ratna?
Anyone can, regardless of their:
- Occupation: From doctors and scientists to artists and athletes, any field of human endeavor is eligible.
- Position: Heads of state, celebrities, ordinary citizens – all are considered.
- Race, Religion, Gender: The award promotes inclusivity and recognizes merit, not identity.
- Nationality: While primarily awarded to Indian citizens, exceptional foreigners have received it (Mother Teresa).
However, to be eligible for the Bharat Ratna, the individual must demonstrate:
- Exceptional service/performance: Achievements must be truly outstanding and leave a significant impact.
- In any field of human endeavor: As mentioned above, the scope is vast.
- Without distinction of race, occupation, position, or gender: As per the official regulations.
The nomination process is confidential and involves:
- Recommendations: The Prime Minister makes confidential recommendations to the President.
- Selection: The President makes the final decision based on the recommendations.
Is it President’s Discretion to Accept or Reject Any Bharat Ratna Nomination?
While the President of India plays a crucial role in the Bharat Ratna selection process, it’s important to clarify their specific powers and limitations:
1. Selection Power
- Nomination Approval: The President has the final say in approving or rejecting recommendations for the Bharat Ratna award. Their decision is based on the Prime Minister’s confidential recommendations and their own judgment.
- Selection Discretion: There are no defined criteria or guidelines dictating the President’s choice. They have complete discretion to choose from the recommended candidates based on their understanding of merit and national significance.
2. Deselection Power
- No Explicit Authority: The official regulations and practices surrounding the Bharat Ratna do not grant the President explicit power to “deselect” a nominated candidate.
- Indirect Influence: However, the President’s decision-making process might indirectly lead to the exclusion of certain candidates. For example, if they disapprove of a nominee for various reasons, they can simply choose not to approve their inclusion in the final list.
3. Considerations
- Consultations: While seemingly absolute, the President’s decision is often informed by consultations with experts, advisors, and the Prime Minister.
- Transparency Concerns: The confidential nature of the nomination and selection process raises concerns about transparency and potential biases.
- Public Trust: Ultimately, the President’s role is to uphold the integrity and public trust associated with the Bharat Ratna award by selecting recipients based on merit and national significance.
Eligibility Criteria
The official statutes governing the Bharat Ratna award are quite brief on eligibility criteria, stating only that it recognizes “exceptional service/performance of the highest order in any field of human endeavour”. Essentially, no specific criteria are outlined regarding:
- Occupation: Any profession or field is eligible, from doctors and scientists to artists and athletes.
- Position: Heads of state, celebrities, ordinary citizens – all stand a chance.
- Race, Religion, Gender: The award promotes inclusivity and recognizes merit, not identity.
- Nationality: While primarily awarded to Indian citizens, exceptional foreigners have received it (Mother Teresa).
However, it’s generally understood that recipients should demonstrate:
- Exceptional and distinguished service/performance: Achievements must be truly outstanding and have a significant impact on their field.
- Positive contribution to society: The recipient’s work should have benefited the nation or humanity in some way.
- Upright character and reputation: The individual should be an exemplary citizen with a clean record.
Selection Process
- Nominations: The Prime Minister confidentially recommends candidates to the President.
- Selection: The President has the final say on granting the award based on the recommendations and their own judgment.
Additional Points
- The award is not restricted to a specific number of recipients per year, but usually, a maximum of three are chosen.
- There is no monetary award associated with the Bharat Ratna, but recipients gain immense prestige and recognition.
Monetary Awards
The Bharat Ratna, unlike some other big awards, doesn’t comes up with any monetary reward. Instead of cash, it comes up with something way cooler: huge respect and honor! Think of it like getting a super special medal in front of everyone, and then getting perks like free plane tickets and special security, all to show how much your amazing work matters. The prize isn’t money, it’s knowing you’ve made India proud!
Bharat Ratna Award Specifications
We have added complete specifications of Bharat ratna Below-
1. Material: Originally made of gold, now platinum-rimmed
2. Thickness: 3.2 mm
3. Shape: Peepal leaf (considered sacred in India)
4. Size: Approximately 59 mm long and 48 mm wide
5. Design:
Obverse:
- State Emblem of India in the center
- Text “Bharat Ratna” inscribed in Devanagari script above the emblem
Reverse:
- Left blank
Latest News on Bharat Ratna
In the latest Bharat Ratna announcements for 2024, former Prime Ministers PV Narasimha Rao and Chaudhary Charan Singh, along with agricultural scientist MS Swaminathan, are honored. PM Narendra Modi lauds their contributions.
Charan Singh’s commitment to farmers and Rao’s economic reforms are acknowledged. Swaminathan, known as the ‘Father of the Green Revolution,’ receives recognition for transforming Indian agriculture. The awards highlight diverse legacies in politics and agriculture.
Recently, BJP stalwart LK Advani and Bihar’s late CM Karpoori Thakur were also conferred with the Bharat Ratna.
Ceremony
The Bharat Ratna award doesn’t have a big public ceremony like some other prestigious awards. Instead, it’s given in a private ceremony at the Rashtrapati Bhavan (President’s House) in New Delhi.
During this event:
- Formal Setting: The ceremony is formal, reflecting the importance of the award.
- Limited Guests: Only a small group of important people, like family members and government officials, usually attend.
- Media Coverage: Even though it’s not a public event, pictures and news about the ceremony are often shared later.
- Award Presentation: The President hands over the Sanad (certificate) and medallion to the recipient, and a short speech is given, recognizing their achievements.
- Flexible Ceremony: There are no strict rituals, so the ceremony can be adapted based on the person receiving the award and their situation.
All Winner List of Bharat Ratna – Bharat Ratna All Winner List – All Bharat Ratna Winners List
We have added the complete comprehensive list of all Bharat Ratna Awardees
| Person Name | State Name | Year of Given | Brief Description |
| C. Rajagopalachari | Tamil Nadu | 1954 | Last Governor-General of India, Swatantra Party founder. |
| Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan | Tamil Nadu | 1954 | First Vice-President, Second President of India, Teachers’ Day observance. |
| C. V. Raman | Tamil Nadu | 1954 | Physicist, Nobel laureate for Raman scattering. |
| Bhagwan Das | Uttar Pradesh | 1955 | Independence activist, theosophist, co-founder of Kashi Vidyapith. |
| M. Visvesvaraya | Karnataka | 1955 | Civil engineer, 19th Diwan of Mysore, Engineer’s Day observance. |
| Jawaharlal Nehru | Uttar Pradesh | 1955 | First and longest-serving Prime Minister of India. |
| Govind Ballabh Pant | Uttar Pradesh | 1957 | Independence activist, first Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh. |
| Dhondo Keshav Karve | Maharashtra | 1958 | Social reformer, educator, founded Shreemati Nathibai Damodar Thackersey Women’s University. |
| Bidhan Chandra Roy | West Bengal | 1961 | Physician, second Chief Minister of West Bengal, National Doctors’ Day observance. |
| Purushottam Das Tandon | Uttar Pradesh | 1961 | Independence activist, speaker of UP Legislative Assembly. |
| Rajendra Prasad | Bihar | 1962 | Independence activist, first President of India. |
| Zakir Husain | Andhra Pradesh | 1963 | Independence activist, Vice Chancellor of Aligarh Muslim University, third President of India. |
| Pandurang Vaman Kane | Maharashtra | 1963 | Indologist, Sanskrit scholar, author of “History of Dharmaśāstra.” |
| Lal Bahadur Shastri | Uttar Pradesh | 1966 | Independence activist, second Prime Minister, led during Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. |
| Indira Gandhi | Uttar Pradesh | 1971 | Prime Minister, “Iron Lady of India,” led during Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. |
| V. V. Giri | Odisha | 1975 | Independence activist, acting and fourth President of India. |
| K. Kamaraj | Tamil Nadu | 1976 | Independence activist, Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, “King Maker.” |
| Mother Teresa | West Bengal | 1980 | Catholic nun, founder of Missionaries of Charity, Nobel Peace Prize recipient. |
| Vinoba Bhave | Maharashtra | 1983 | Independence activist, social reformer, Bhoodan movement leader. |
| Abdul Ghaffar Khan | Pakistan | 1987 | Independence activist, advocate of Hindu–Muslim unity. |
| M. G. Ramachandran | Tamil Nadu | 1988 | Actor, politician, founder of AIADMK, Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu. |
| B. R. Ambedkar | Maharashtra | 1990 | Social reformer, lawyer, Dalit leader, chief architect of Indian Constitution. |
| Nelson Mandela | South Africa | 1990 | Anti-Apartheid leader, President of South Africa, Nobel Peace Prize recipient. |
| Rajiv Gandhi | Uttar Pradesh | 1991 | Pilot turned politician, sixth Prime Minister of India. |
| Vallabhbhai Patel | Gujarat | 1991 | Independence activist, first Deputy Prime Minister, “Iron Man of India.” |
| Morarji Desai | Gujarat | 1991 | Independence activist, fourth Prime Minister, abolished awards during his term. |
| Abul Kalam Azad | West Bengal | 1992 | Independence activist, first education minister of India. |
| J. R. D. Tata | Maharashtra | 1992 | Industrialist, philanthropist, chairman of Tata Group. |
| Satyajit Ray | West Bengal | 1992 | Film director, brought world recognition to Indian cinema. |
| Gulzarilal Nanda | Punjab | 1997 | Independence activist, interim Prime Minister, deputy chairman of Planning Commission. |
| Aruna Asaf Ali | West Bengal | 1997 | Independence activist, hoisted tricolor during Quit India Movement, Delhi’s first mayor. |
| A. P. J. Abdul Kalam | Tamil Nadu | 1997 | Aerospace and defence scientist, eleventh President of India. |
| M. S. Subbulakshmi | Tamil Nadu | 1998 | Carnatic classical vocalist, Ramon Magsaysay Award recipient. |
| C. Subramaniam | Tamil Nadu | 1998 | Independence activist, minister of agriculture, contributed to Green Revolution. |
| Jayaprakash Narayan | Bihar | 1999 | Independence activist, social reformer, leader of the Total Revolution Movement. |
| Amartya Sen | West Bengal | 1999 | Economist, Nobel laureate in economic sciences. |
| Gopinath Bordoloi | Assam | 1999 | Independence activist, first Chief Minister of Assam. |
| Ravi Shankar | Uttar Pradesh | 1999 | Musician, sitar player, Grammy Award winner. |
| Lata Mangeshkar | Maharashtra | 2001 | Playback singer, “Nightingale of India,” Dadasaheb Phalke Award recipient. |
| Bismillah Khan | Bihar | 2001 | Hindustani classical shehnai player, brought shehnai to the centre stage. |
| Bhimsen Joshi | Karnataka | 2009 | Hindustani classical vocalist, disciple of Kirana gharana. |
| C. N. R. Rao | Karnataka | 2014 | Chemist, scientist, specializing in solid state chemistry. |
| Sachin Tendulkar | Maharashtra | 2014 | Cricketer, one of the greatest batters of all time. |
| Atal Bihari Vajpayee | Madhya Pradesh | 2015 | Politician, served as Prime Minister three times. |
| Madan Mohan Malaviya | Uttar Pradesh | 2015 | Scholar, educational reformer, founder of Banaras Hindu University. |
| Pranab Mukherjee | West Bengal | 2019 | Politician, 13th President of India, leader of Indian National Congress. |
| Bhupen Hazarika | Assam | 2019 | Playback singer, lyricist, poet, filmmaker, known as Sudhakantha. |
| Nanaji Deshmukh | Maharashtra | 2019 | Social activist, politician, leader of Bharatiya Jana Sangh. |
| Karpoori Thakur | Bihar | 2024 | Politician, 11th Chief Minister of Bihar, introduced reservation policy. |
| L. K. Advani | Delhi | 2024 | Politician, 7th Deputy Prime Minister of India, co-founder of Bharatiya Janata Party. |
| P.V. Narsimha Rao | Andhra Pradesh | 2024 | Narasimha Rao served as the Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh before becoming the 10th Prime Minister of India. |
| Choudhari Charan Singh | Uttar Pradesh | 2024 | Chaudhary Charan Singh served as the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and later became the Prime Minister of India. |
| Dr. M.S. Swaminathan | Tamil Nadu | 2024 | M.S. Swaminathan was a pioneering Indian scientist in agriculture and a humanitarian. |
Foreigners who received Bharat Ratna
These are factually Foreigners (Non-Indians) who got Bharat Ratna Award
- Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan (1987) – Pakistan (Mainly born in British India But Died in Peshawar Pakistan)
- Nelson Mandela (1990) – South Africa
- Mother Teresa (1980) – Born in Skopje (Now North Macedonia), naturalized Indian citizen
Who got Bharat Ratna Recently
The latest Bharat Ratna recipients are Former Prime Ministers of India PV Narasimha Rao (posthumously), & Choudhari Charan Singh (posthumously), who Announced to confer the Bharat Ratna. Including them M.S. Swaminathan, a distinguished agriculture scientist (posthumously), and Lal Krishna Advani, a veteran Indian politician also announced to confer Bharat Ratna.
Celebrities who got Bharat Ratna
there are a few recipients who could be considered well-known in the public eye:
- Sachin Tendulkar (2014): Cricket legend, the first sportsperson to receive the award, celebrated for his outstanding cricketing career and contributions to the sport.
- Lata Mangeshkar (2001): Renowned singer, considered the “Nightingale of India”, recognized for her immense contributions to Indian music.
- Bismillah Khan (2008): Legendary shehnai player, known for his mastery of the instrument and elevating its status in Indian classical music.
- Ravi Shankar (1999): Sitar maestro, globally recognized for his contribution to Indian classical music and its popularization worldwide.
- M. S. Subbulakshmi (1998): Carnatic vocalist, revered for her renditions of devotional and classical music, and her cultural ambassadorship.
Interesting facts about Bharat Ratna Award
We have added Interesting Facts about Bharat Ratna Award Below
1. Not just gold: Originally gold, now platinum-rimmed with a peepal leaf shape!
Interesting Fact – The Bharat Ratna, initially designed with a gold composition, has undergone a transformation and now features platinum rims, intricately shaped like a peepal leaf, adding a touch of elegance and cultural symbolism to the prestigious award.
2. No cash prize: Prestige and recognition are the ultimate rewards.
Interesting Fact – Unlike many awards that come with a monetary prize, the Bharat Ratna emphasizes the intrinsic value of prestige and recognition. The recipients are honored for their exceptional contributions to the nation rather than any financial incentive.
3. Not every year: Awarded only when there’s an exceptional recipient.
Interesting Fact – The Bharat Ratna is not an annual ritual. It is reserved for extraordinary individuals whose contributions stand out significantly. This sporadic nature underscores the exclusivity and high standards associated with the award.
4. Foreigners welcome: Mother Teresa and Nelson Mandela are honorary members!
Interesting Fact – The Bharat Ratna transcends borders, honoring individuals beyond Indian nationality. Mother Teresa and Nelson Mandela, both non-Indians, have been recognized as honorary members, showcasing the award’s global acknowledgment of exceptional service.
5. Family affair: Posthumous awards go to family representatives.
Interesting Fact – In the unfortunate event of a posthumous Bharat Ratna, the honor is not lost. Family representatives are bestowed with the award on behalf of the deceased, ensuring that the recognition extends to the individual’s legacy and loved ones.
6. Young blood too: Sachin Tendulkar, youngest recipient at 40!
Interesting Fact – The Bharat Ratna doesn’t have an age barrier. Sachin Tendulkar, the cricket legend, became the youngest recipient at the age of 40, breaking the stereotype that such prestigious honors are reserved for older individuals.
7. Lifetime benefits: Free flights, diplomatic passport, and more!
Interesting Fact – The privileges accompanying the Bharat Ratna go beyond the symbolic medal. Recipients enjoy lifetime benefits, including complimentary flights, a diplomatic passport, and other perks, recognizing their ongoing significance to the nation.
8. Secret selection: Nominations confidential, raising transparency concerns.
Interesting Fact – The process of selecting Bharat Ratna recipients is shrouded in secrecy, with nominations kept confidential. While this adds an element of suspense, it has also raised concerns about transparency and accountability in the selection process.
9. No set criteria: Open to any field with exceptional impact.
Interesting Fact – The Bharat Ratna doesn’t restrict itself to specific fields. It is open to individuals from any sector, acknowledging their exceptional impact on society, culture, science, or any other realm, fostering a diverse and inclusive approach to recognition.
10. President decides: Final call rests with the President of India.
Interesting Fact – The ultimate decision for conferring the Bharat Ratna rests with the President of India. This presidential prerogative adds an official and constitutional dimension to the award, making it a significant honor.
11. No monetary value: Beyond any price tag, a symbol of national pride.
Interesting Fact – While the Bharat Ratna holds immeasurable value, it is beyond any monetary measure. Serving as a symbol of national pride, the award reflects the highest form of recognition for outstanding contributions to the country.
12. Not just individuals: Institutions can be awarded too (rarely).
Interesting Fact – On rare occasions, the Bharat Ratna is not limited to individuals. Exceptional institutions that have made significant contributions to society may also be honored, acknowledging the collective impact of organizations on the nation.
13. State funeral honor: Recipients granted a final farewell with full honors.
Interesting Fact – The respect and honor accorded to Bharat Ratna recipients extend even in their final moments. State funeral honors are granted, ensuring a dignified and ceremonious farewell, underscoring the profound impact they had on the nation.
14. No public ceremony: A private affair at the President’s house.
Interesting Fact – The conferment of the Bharat Ratna is not a public spectacle. Instead, it is a private ceremony held at the Rashtrapati Bhavan (President’s House) in New Delhi, adding an element of solemnity to the occasion.
15. Multiple awards possible: Up to three recipients in a single year.
Interesting Fact – While exclusivity is maintained, the Bharat Ratna allows for multiple awardees in a single year, with a cap of three recipients. This flexibility accommodates the acknowledgment of diverse contributions within a given timeframe.
20 Key Facts about Bharat Ratna
We have added 20 Key Facts about Bharat Ratna below-
| Facts | Information |
| Established | 1954, making it one of India’s oldest civilian awards. |
| Total recipients | 51 individuals and 2 institutions (as of February 9, 2024). |
| Gender gap | Only 8 female recipients have been awarded the Bharat Ratna. |
| Youngest recipient | Sachin Tendulkar at 40 years old (2014). |
| Oldest recipient | Satyajit Ray at 70 years old (1992). |
| Posthumous awards | Granted to 10 individuals, with the latest being M.S. Swaminathan in 2024 |
| First recipient(s) | C. Rajagopalachari, Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, and C. V. Raman (all in 1954). |
| Foreign recipients | Only two – Mother Teresa (1980) and Nelson Mandela (1990). |
| Average recipients per year | Approximately 1.34 (varying significantly across years). |
| Cost of the medallion | Approximately INR 25,000 (subject to change). |
| Selection process | Nominations confidential, made by Prime Minister to President for final approval. |
| Criteria | No explicitly defined criteria, focused on “exceptional service/performance of the highest order”. |
| Monetary prize | None awarded, purely an honorific recognition. |
| Benefits | State funeral, free diplomatic passport, security detail, among others. |
| Last awarded | M.S. Swaminathan in February 2024. |
| Number of times awarded in a year | Maximum of three, but usually less. |
| Material of the medallion | Originally gold, now platinum-rimmed. |
| Shape of the medallion | Inspired by a peepal leaf, considered sacred in India. |
| Number of fields represented | Diverse, including science, art, literature, sports, social service, and public affairs. |
| Public ceremony | No public ceremony, held privately at the President’s House. |
FAQs on Bharat Ratna – UPSC Questions on Bharat Ratna
Question-1: What is the significance of the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. The Bharat Ratna is the highest civilian award in India. It recognizes and honors individuals for their “exceptional service/performance of the highest order” in any field of human endeavor. It signifies national recognition, prestige, and respect for significant contributions to India.
Question-2: Who are the recent recipients of the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. Former Prime Ministers of India named PV Narsimha Rao & Choudhari Charan Singh has announced to conferred Bharat Ratna Posthumously. Including them, Indian Agreculture Scientist & Father of Green Revolution in India, Scientist Dr. M.S. Swaminathan has conferred Bharat Ratna Posthumously on 9th of February 2024.
Question-3: In which year was the Bharat Ratna award established?
Answer. The Bharat Ratna was established in 1954.
Question-4: Has Sachin Tendulkar received the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. Yes, Sachin Tendulkar received the Bharat Ratna award in 2014, making him the first sportsperson to receive this prestigious honor.
Question-5: Did Rajendra Prasad receive the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. No, Rajendra Prasad did not receive the Bharat Ratna award. Although he was the first President of India (1950-1952), the award was established only in 1954.
Question-6: Who is the most recent recipient of the Bharat Ratna award (as of today, February 9, 2024)?
Answer. Former Prime Ministers of India named PV Narsimha Rao & Choudhari Charan Singh has announced to conferred Bharat Ratna Posthumously. Including them, Indian Agreculture Scientist & Father of Green Revolution in India, Scientist Dr. M.S. Swaminathan has conferred Bharat Ratna Posthumously on 9th of February 2024.
Question-7: Any recent winners of the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. Former Prime Ministers of India named PV Narsimha Rao & Choudhari Charan Singh has announced to conferred Bharat Ratna Posthumously. Including them, Indian Agreculture Scientist & Father of Green Revolution in India, Scientist Dr. M.S. Swaminathan has conferred Bharat Ratna Posthumously on 9th of February 2024..
Question-8: Has Ratan Tata been conferred with the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. No, Ratan Tata has not been conferred with the Bharat Ratna award as of today.
Question-9: Did Rajiv Gandhi receive the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. Yes, Rajiv Gandhi posthumously received the Bharat Ratna award in 1991.
Question-10: Is there a list of singers who have received the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. Not a dedicated list, but singers who have received the Bharat Ratna include M.S. Subbulakshmi (1998), Lata Mangeshkar (2001), and Bhimsen Joshi (1999).
Question-11: Who was the first recipient of the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. The first recipients were three individuals in 1954: C. Rajagopalachari, Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, and C. V. Raman.
Question-12: Who recommends individuals for the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. The Prime Minister of India himself recommends individuals for the Bharat Ratna award directly to the President. No formal nominations are involved.
Question-13: What are the qualifications for the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. There are no specific qualifications laid out for the Bharat Ratna. It is awarded for “exceptional service/performance of the highest order” in any field of human endeavor. The selection is based on merit and individual achievements.
Question-14: Describe the shape of the Bharat Ratna award.
Answer. The Bharat Ratna medallion is circular, with a platinum rim inspired by the shape of a peepal leaf, considered significant in India.
Question-15: Who is the present recipient of the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. Currently, M.S. Swaminathan has awarded Bharat Ratna Posthomously on 9th of February 2024.
Question-16: How many Bharat Ratna awards have been given till now?
Answer. As of today, February 5, 2024, there have been a total of 51 individuals and 2 institutions awarded the Bharat Ratna.
Question-17: Was B.R. Ambedkar awarded the Bharat Ratna?
Answer. No, B.R. Ambedkar was not awarded the Bharat Ratna. He passed away in 1956, before the award was established in 1954.
Question-18: Did A.P.J. Abdul Kalam receive the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. Yes, A.P.J. Abdul Kalam received the Bharat Ratna award in 1997.
Question-19: Have foreigners received the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. Yes, Three foreigners have received the Bharat Ratna award:
- Mother Teresa (1980), a naturalized Indian citizen of Albanian origin.
- Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan / Bacha Khan (987): Pakistan
- Nelson Mandela (1990), the former President of South Africa.
Question-20: Did Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan get the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. Yes, Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan was one of the first three recipients of the Bharat Ratna award in 1954.
Question-21: Who are the second-time winners of the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. There are no second-time winners of the Bharat Ratna award. It can only be awarded once to an individual.
Question-22: Was Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel awarded the Bharat Ratna?
Answer. Yes, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel received the Bharat Ratna award posthumously in 1991.
Question-23: Have any sportsmen received the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. Yes, Sachin Tendulkar was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 2014, making him the first sportsperson to receive this honor.
Question-24: What is the symbol of the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. The Bharat Ratna medallion itself, with its peepal leaf-shaped rim, is considered the symbol of the award. Additionally, the inscription “भारत रत्न” (Jewel of India) carries symbolic meaning.
Question-25: In which year was Pranab Mukherjee awarded the Bharat Ratna?
Answer. Pranab Mukherjee did not receive the Bharat Ratna award.
Question-26: How many individuals have received the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. 51 individuals have received the Bharat Ratna award as of today.
Question-27: Was Nelson Mandela awarded the Bharat Ratna?
Answer. Yes, Nelson Mandela was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1990 for his fight against apartheid and his promotion of human rights. He was the second foreigner to receive the award, after Mother Teresa.
Question-28: Did Nanaji Deshmukh receive the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. No, Nanaji Deshmukh did not receive the Bharat Ratna award. He was a renowned social reformer and politician, but he hasn’t been recognized with this particular honor.
Question-29: Is there an official website for the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. While there isn’t a dedicated website solely for the Bharat Ratna award, information about it can be found on the official website of the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India: https://www.mha.gov.in/en
Question-30: Was Mahatma Gandhi conferred with the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. No, Mahatma Gandhi was not conferred with the Bharat Ratna award. The award was established in 1954, two years after his passing in 1952.
Question-31: Did Milkha Singh receive the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. No, Milkha Singh did not receive the Bharat Ratna award. He was a legendary athlete and an inspiration for many, but he hasn’t been recognized with this prestigious honor.
Question-32: Was Major Dhyan Chand awarded the Bharat Ratna?
Answer. No, Major Dhyan Chand did not receive the Bharat Ratna award. He was a legendary hockey player and one of the greatest Olympians of all time, but he hasn’t been recognized with this particular honor.
Question-33: Can I find a photo of the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. Yes, you can find many photos of the Bharat Ratna award online. A simple search can provide you with images of the medallion, recipients receiving the award, and other related visuals.
Question-34: What privileges come with the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. The Bharat Ratna award primarily signifies national recognition and prestige. Recipients do not receive any monetary prize, but they are entitled to certain privileges, including:
- A state funeral if deceased.
- A free diplomatic passport.
- Security detail as per individual needs.
- Lifetime entitlement to business class travel within India.
- Z-category security cover (in special cases).
Question-35: Which Prime Minister received the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. No Prime Minister has received the Bharat Ratna award while in office. The convention is to avoid awarding it to political figures holding active positions. However, several Prime Ministers have received it posthumously:
- Indira Gandhi (1971)
- Rajiv Gandhi (1991)
- Atal Bihari Vajpayee (2014)
Question-36: Is there any prize money associated with the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. No, there is no prize money associated with the Bharat Ratna award. It is purely an honorary recognition of exceptional service or performance.
Question-37: When is the Bharat Ratna award usually given?
Answer. The Bharat Ratna award is not awarded annually. There is no fixed frequency, and the decision to confer it rests with the Prime Minister and President. This ensures the award maintains its exclusivity and recognizes truly exceptional individuals.
Question-38: What is the value of the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. The Bharat Ratna award itself does not have a specific monetary value. However, the medallion is made of platinum and is estimated to be worth around INR 25,000. While there’s no monetary prize, the associated privileges and national recognition hold significant value.
Question-39: Which leaf is used in the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. The Bharat Ratna medallion incorporates the shape of a peepal leaf in its rim. The peepal leaf holds significance in India, symbolizing longevity, knowledge, and growth.
Question-40: How are Bharat Ratna and Padma awards related to UPSC?
Answer. These awards don’t directly relate to the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) exams. However, understanding their significance and the achievements of recipients can be helpful for General Knowledge sections in various UPSC exams. Additionally, individuals awarded these prestigious honors might be relevant figures to study within specific subjects like History, Political Science, etc.
Question-41: Who is the youngest person to receive the Bharat Ratna?
Answer. Sachin Tendulkar is the youngest recipient of the Bharat Ratna, awarded in 2014 at the age of 40.
Question-42: Has Dilip Kumar been awarded the Bharat Ratna?
Answer. No, Dilip Kumar has not been awarded the Bharat Ratna. He was a legendary actor in Hindi cinema, but hasn’t received this specific honor.
Question-43: Did MS Dhoni receive the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. No, MS Dhoni has not received the Bharat Ratna award as of today (February 5, 2024).
Question-44: When was the Bharat Ratna award established?
Answer. The Bharat Ratna award was established in 1954.
Question-45: What is the definition of the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. The Bharat Ratna, meaning “Jewel of India,” recognizes and honors individuals for their “exceptional service/performance of the highest order” in any field of human endeavor. It signifies national recognition, prestige, and respect for significant contributions to India.
Question-46: Can you list some celebrities who have received the Bharat Ratna?
While not all recipients are celebrities in the conventional sense, some well-known names include:
- Actors: Lata Mangeshkar, M.S. Subbulakshmi, Amitabh Bachchan (Padma awards only)
- Sportspersons: Sachin Tendulkar, Kapil Dev
- Singers: Bhimsen Joshi, M.S. Subbulakshmi, Lata Mangeshkar
- Writers: Amartya Sen, R.K. Narayan
- Scientists: C.V. Raman, A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
- Social workers: Mother Teresa, Nanaji Deshmukh (Padma awards only)
Question-47: What are the criteria to get the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. There are no strictly defined criteria for the Bharat Ratna. It’s awarded for “exceptional service/performance of the highest order” in any field of human endeavor. The selection is based on merit and individual achievements and is ultimately at the discretion of the Prime Minister and President.
Question-48: What facilities come with the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. The award primarily confers national recognition and prestige. There is no monetary prize, but recipients receive certain privileges:
- State funeral if deceased.
- Free diplomatic passport.
- Security detail as per individual needs.
- Lifetime entitlement to business class travel within India.
- Z-category security cover (in special cases).
Question-49: What are the eligibility criteria for the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. There are no formal eligibility criteria like age, education, or nationality. Any individual, living or deceased, can be considered based on their exceptional contributions.
Question-50: Who was the first man to receive the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. There were three first recipients in 1954: C. Rajagopalachari, Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, and C. V. Raman.
Question-51: Who are the latest recipients of the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. M.S. Swaminathan posthumously received the latest Bharat Ratna in February 2024. However, since awards aren’t annual, there may be no recipient until another individual meets the exceptional merit standards.
Question-52: What is the Bharat Ratna award given for?
Answer. It recognizes “exceptional service/performance of the highest order” in any field of human endeavor, encompassing service to the nation, outstanding achievements in the arts, sciences, literature, sports, etc.
Question-53: Is the Bharat Ratna award given after death?
Answer. Yes, the award can be conferred posthumously, as exemplified by Lal Bahadur Shastri and others.
Question-54: Have any actors received the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. Yes, several actors have received the Bharat Ratna, including:
- Lata Mangeshkar (1999): Renowned singer and playback artist.
- M.S. Subbulakshmi (1998): Carnatic vocalist and actress.
- Amitabh Bachchan (2022): Padma Vibhushan and Padma Bhushan awards, but not Bharat Ratna yet.
Question-55: Is there any cost associated with the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. No, there is no cost associated with receiving the Bharat Ratna award. It is purely an honorary recognition and does not involve any financial burden on the recipient.
Question-56: In how many categories is the Bharat Ratna award given?
Answer. The Bharat Ratna award is not categorized. It recognizes exceptional achievements across any field of human endeavor, without limitations or predefined categories.
Question-57: Was Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan awarded the Bharat Ratna?
Answer. Yes, Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1987. He was recognized for his lifelong dedication to non-violent resistance and promoting Pashtun rights. However, it’s important to note that he was not an Indian citizen when awarded this honor.
Question-58: In which year was the Kamaraj Bharat Ratna award given?
Answer. There is no separate “Kamaraj Bharat Ratna” award. K. Kamaraj was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1976. He was recognized for his exceptional contributions as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu and his dedication to public service.
Question-59: Has Lata Mangeshkar received the Bharat Ratna award?
Answer. Yes, Lata Mangeshkar was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1999. She received this prestigious honor for her legendary career as a singer and playback artist, contributing significantly to Indian music and culture.
Question-60: Who gives the Bharat Ratna award, and which ministry is involved?
Answer. The Bharat Ratna award is conferred by the President of India on the recommendation of the Prime Minister. While the decision rests with the Prime Minister, the President formally grants the award. The Ministry of Home Affairs manages the administrative process related to the award.
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